zabbix简易安装手册
zabbix简易安装手册
1) 安装zabbix依赖包
# yum install gcc MySQL-python mysql mysql-server mysql-devel mysql-bench php php-mysql php-bcmath php-mbstring freetype php-gd php-xml curl-devel libpurple yum install net-snmp net-snmp-devel
# mkdir package
# cd package/
# wget http://packages.sw.be/iksemel/iksemel-devel-1.4-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
# wget http://packages.sw.be/iksemel/iksemel-1.4-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -ivh iksemel-1.4-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm iksemel-devel-1.4-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
# wget http://fping.sourceforge.net/download/fping.tar.gz
# tar zxf fping.tar.gz
# cd fping-2.4b2_to/
# ./configure && make && make install
2) 配置zabbix依赖环境
# service httpd restart
# chkconfig httpd on
# chkconfig mysqld on
# service mysqld restart
3) 在mysql中增加zabbix库并配置zabbix库访问权限
# mysql
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8;
mysql> GRANT ALL ON zabbix.* TO 'zabbix'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'zabbix';
mysql> quit;
4) 下载并安装zabbix
# wget "http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/zabbix/zabbix-1.8.3.tar.gz?download"
# tar zxf zabbix-1.8.3.tar.gz
# cd zabbix-1.8.3
# cd create/schema
# cat mysql.sql | mysql -uroot zabbix
# cd ../data
# cat data.sql | mysql -uroot zabbix
# cat images_mysql.sql | mysql -uroot zabbix
# cd ../../
# ./configure --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql --with-net-snmp --with-jabber --with-libcurl
# enable Jabber 即时通讯功能。Jabber 是著名的Linux即时通讯服务服务器，它是一个自由开源软件，能让用户自己架即时通讯服务器，可以在Internet上应用，也可以在局域网中应用。 Jabber最有优势的就是其通信协议，可以和多种即时通讯对接。比如有第三方插件，能让jabber用户和MSN 、Yahoo、ICQ等IM用户相互通讯。
# make install
5) 简单配置zabbix
# vim /etc/services
zabbix-agent 10050/tcp Zabbix Agent
zabbix-agent 10050/udp Zabbix Agent
zabbix-trapper 10051/tcp Zabbix Trapper
zabbix-trapper 10051/udp Zabbix Trapper
# mkdir /etc/zabbix/
# cp /root/package/zabbix-1.8.3/misc/conf/zabbix_server.conf /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
LogFileSize=100
DebugLevel=3
PidFile=/tmp/zabbix_server.pid
DBHost=localhost
DBName=zabbix
DBPassword=zabbix
DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
DBPort=3306
ListenIP=0.0.0.0
StartPingers=30
FpingLocation=/usr/local/sbin/fping
# cp /root/package/zabbix-1.8.3/misc/conf/zabbix_agent.conf /etc/zabbix/
# cp /root/package/zabbix-1.8.3/misc/conf/zabbix_agentd.conf /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
# mv frontends/php /var/www/html/zabbix
# vim /etc/php.ini
max_execution_time = 600 ; Maximum execution time of each script, in seconds
max_input_time = 600 ; Maximum amount of time each script may spend parsing request data
memory_limit = 256M ; Maximum amount of memory a script may consume
post_max_size = 32M
upload_max_filesize = 16M
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
# service httpd restart
# useradd -s /sbin/nologin zabbix
6) 启动zabbix
# su zabbix -c /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server
# su zabbix -c /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_agentd
使用http://IP/zabbix登录zabbix，首次登录时按照网页提示进行操作。
默认登录帐户与密码：
admin/zabbix
MacOSX使用opensnoop跟踪进程使用情况
MacOSX使用opensnoop跟踪进程使用情况
opensnoop参数如下：
$ opensnoop -hUSAGE: opensnoop [-a|-A|-ceghsvxZ] [-f pathname]
[-n name] [-p PID]
opensnoop # default output
-a # print most data
-A # dump all data, space delimited
-c # print cwd of process
-e # print errno value
-g # print command arguments
-s # print start time, us
-v # print start time, string
-x # only print failed opens
-Z # print zonename
-f pathname # pathname name to snoop
-n name # process name to snoop
-p PID # process ID to snoop
eg,
opensnoop -v # human readable timestamps
opensnoop -e # see error codes
opensnoop -f /etc/motd # snoop this file only
在OpenSolais上的安装与配置awstats
在OpenSolais上的安装与配置awstats
安装awstats
# pkgin in awstats
安装GeoIP
# pkgin in GeoIP
安装perl的GeoIP模块
# Geo::IP::PurePerl
# wget http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/api/pureperl/Geo-IP-PurePerl-1.25.tar.gz
# gtar zxf Geo-IP-PurePerl-1.25.tar.gz
# cd Geo-IP-PurePerl-1.25
# perl Makefile.PL
# make
# make test
# make install
下载GeoCity库
# wget http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database/GeoLiteCity.dat.gz
# gzip -d GeoLiteCity.dat.gz
# mv GeoLiteCity.dat /opt/local/share/GeoIP/
配置apache的虚拟主机
# cd /opt/local/etc/httpd/virtualhosts/
# vi blog.4aiur.net.conf
ServerName blog.4aiur.net
DocumentRoot /home/4aiur/web/blog.4aiur.net/
DocumentRoot /home/4aiur/web/blog.4aiur.net/
CustomLog /home/4aiur/web/logs/blog.4aiur.net_access_log combined
ErrorLog /home/4aiur/web/logs/blog.4aiur.net_error.log
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
# svcadm restart apache
配置awstats配置文件
# cd /opt/local/etc/awstats/
# mv awstats.model.conf awstats.blog.4aiur.net.conf
# vi awstats.blog.4aiur.net.conf
LogFile="/home/4aiur/web/logs/blog.4aiur.net_access_log"
SiteDomain="blog.4aiur.net"
HostAliases="localhost 127.0.0.1 REGEX[4aiur\.net$]"
DNSLookup=0
DirIcons="/awstatsicons"
SkipFiles="REGEX[^\/wp-]"
LoadPlugin="geoip GEOIP_STANDARD /opt/local/share/GeoIP/GeoIP.dat"
LoadPlugin="geoip_city_maxmind GEOIP_STANDARD /opt/local/share/GeoIP/GeoLiteCity.dat"
增加日志分析程序到crontab
0 * * * * /opt/local/awstats/bin/awstats_updateall.pl now >/dev/null 2>&1
访问方式
http://blog.4aiur.net/awstats/awstats.pl?config=blog.4aiur.net
在OpenSolaris上安装与配置proftpd
在OpenSolaris上安装与配置proftpd
Install proftpd
# pkgin in proftpd
Setup proftpd
proftpd configuration examples /opt/local/share/examples/proftpd
modify /opt/local/etc/proftpd.conf
TimeoutLogin 120
TimeoutIdle 600
TimeoutNoTransfer 900
TimeoutStalled 3600
RootLogin off
DefaultRoot ~
UseReverseDNS off
IdentLookups off
#VALID LOGINS
AllowUser ftpuser
DenyALL
Setup openSolaris SMF
# vi /var/svc/manifest/network/proftpd.xml
ProFTPD Server # svccfg import /var/svc/manifest/network/proftpd.xml
# svcadm enable proftpd
# svcs proftpd
在不浪费磁盘空间的情况下测试网络
在不浪费磁盘空间的情况下测试网络
time dd if=/dev/zero bs=1024 count=1048576 | ssh user@remotehost 'cat > /dev/null'
在数据传输过程中可以使用iptraf进行观察
不需要反引号的运行ssh复杂远程命令方式
不需要反引号的运行ssh复杂远程命令方式
之前当我需要执行复杂的运程命令时，总是要先处理好引号、变量等问题，之后再执行命令写起来太麻烦，今天在commandlinefu上学了一招非常棒的方法，记录一下。
举个例子，之前需要用\反引$符号
[root@localhost ~]# ssh 127.0.0.1 -l root "echo a b c | awk '{print \$2}'"
b
现在我们可以把复杂的命令写到文件中执行。
[root@localhost ~]# cat cmd
echo a b c | awk '{print $2}'
方法1:
[root@localhost ~]# ssh 127.0.0.1 -l root "$(
方法2:
[root@localhost ~]# ssh 127.0.0.1 -l root "cat cmd"
b
方法3，使用标准输入执行，输入完毕后使用ctrl-D提交命令:
[root@localhost ~]# ssh 127.0.0.1 -l root "cat -"
hostname
if [ -d /root/ ];then
echo "ok"
else
echo "not ok"
fi
ctrl-D
localhost
ok
[root@localhost ~]#
直接把script嵌入到脚本中
[root@localhost ~]# ssh 127.0.0.1 -l root "$(cat
ssh host -l user $(
run complex remote shell cmds over ssh, without escaping quotes
Much simpler method. More portable version:
ssh host -l user "cat cmd.txt"
perl -e 'system @ARGV, ' ssh host -l user
run complex remote shell cmds over ssh, without escaping quotes
I was tired of the endless quoting, unquoting, re-quoting, and escaping characters that left me with working, but barely comprehensible shell one-liners. It can be really frustrating, especially if the local and remote shells differ and have their own escaping and quoting rules. I decided to try a different approach and ended up with this.
so we need to save the command in cmd.txt first and then run it?
there’s no way to do this? :
ssh host -l user $(perl -ane "print $F[1]\n" filename )
one alternative I can think of (not to save a file and then use "cat cmd.txt") is;
ssh host -l user "cat -"
And then type your command, press Enter and then ctrl-D. This will allow you run complex commands on remote machine without saving a file..
unix时间戳转换
unix时间戳转换, Convert unix timestamp
utime(){ date -d @$1; }
utime(){ date -d "1970-01-01 GMT $1 seconds"; }
utime(){ awk -v d=$1 'BEGIN{print strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y", d)}'; }
utime(){ perl -e "print localtime($1).\"\n\""; }
utime(){ python -c "import time; print(time.strftime('%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y', time.localtime($1)))"; }
[root@test test]# utime(){ date -d @$1; }
[root@test test]# utime 1273817956
Fri May 14 14:19:16 CST 2010
[root@test test]# utime 1273817956
Fri May 14 14:19:16 CST 2010
[root@test test]# utime(){ awk -v d=$1 'BEGIN{print strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y", d)}'; }
[root@test test]# utime 1273817956
Fri May 14 14:19:16 2010
[root@test test]# utime(){ perl -e "print localtime($1).\"\n\""; }
[root@test test]# utime 1273817956
Fri May 14 14:19:16 2010
[root@test test]# utime(){ python -c "import time; print(time.strftime('%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y', time.localtime($1)))"; }
[root@test test]# utime 1273817956
Fri May 14 14:19:16 2010
[root@test test]#
查找使用中的文件与目录相关信息
查找使用中的文件与目录相关信息
以tmp目录为例，使用下面得方法获得使用tmp目录进程的相关信息。
[root@4aiur ~]# inode=stat -c %i tmp
[root@4aiur ~]# cd tmp
[root@4aiur ~]# lsof -n | awk -v a=$inode 'a==$(NF-1) || a==$(NF-2)'
bash 1963 root cwd DIR 253,0 4096 23805953 /root/tmp
lsof 2033 root cwd DIR 253,0 4096 23805953 /root/tmp
awk 2034 root cwd DIR 253,0 4096 23805953 /root/tmp
lsof 2035 root cwd DIR 253,0 4096 23805953 /root/tmp
python的ftp应用举例
python的ftp应用举例
使用python可以很方便的进行ftp操作，下面这个小程序的作用是成功下载远程服务器文件后，删除远程服务器上面的文件。
#!/usr/bin/env python2
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from ftplib import FTP
import logging
import os
import socket
logger = logging.getLogger("download")
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
fh = logging.FileHandler("download.log")
formatter = logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s")
fh.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(fh)
def get_del():
ip = '127.0.0.1'
user_name = 'foo'
passwd = 'bar'
source_path = '/test_sour_dir/'
try:
ftp = FTP(ip)
timeout=10 # in seconds
socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)
ftp.set_pasv(True)
ftp.login(user_name, passwd)
logger.info('login %s success' %(ip))
except Exception, e:
logger.error('Can\'t connect ftp server, %s' %(e))
return
try:
ftp.cwd(source_path)
remote_files = ftp.nlst()
except Exception, e:
logger.error('ftp error, %s' %(e))
return
try:
for file_name in remote_files:
remote_file_size = ftp.size(file_name)
f = open('/test_dest_dir/' + file_name, 'wb')
logger.debug('%s download success' %(file_name))
ftp.retrbinary('RETR %s' %(file_name), f.write, 4096)
f.close()
local_file_size = os.stat('/test_dest_dir/' + file_name).st_size
logger.debug('%s remote size: %d, local size %d' %(file_name, remote_file_size, local_file_size))
ftp.delete(file_name)
logger.debug('%s delete success' %(file_name))
except Exception, e:
logger.error('ftp error, %s' %(e))
return
ftp.close()
return
if __name__ == "__main__":
get_del()
禁用ConfigParser配置选项转化小写
禁用ConfigParser配置选项转化小写
ConfigParser在读取配置文件后默认会把配置项目转换为小写，调用下面的方法可以关闭转换功能。
cfgparser.optionxform = str